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MOLECULAR GENETICS TESTS - FRIEDREICH'S ATAXIA
 
 
Background:
Friedreich's Ataxia (FA), an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder, is the most common inherited ataxia. FA is associated with a mutation that consists of an unstable expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene on chromosome 9, which encodes a protein of unknown function. Classical features of FA are ataxia of all four limbs, associated with cerebellar dysarthria, absent reflexes in the lower limbs, sensory loss and pyramidal signs. The onset of symptoms is usually around 25 years of age and the progression of the disease is rapid.

The gene responsible for causing FA is located on chromosome 9q13. The gene FRDA1 gene comprises of 6 exons and encodes a protein 210 amino acids in length.

Analysis:
  • Long PCR based analysis
Indications for Testing:
  • Confirm a clinical diagnosis of FA.
  • Investigate patients with undiagnosed ataxias.
  • Provide carrier testing (Only available for patients over 18 years of age).
Carrier testing is currently offered where an affected first degree relative has previously had a DNA study. Counselling is available for possible carriers. If the affected family member has two expanded alleles, carrier status will be confirmed on detection of one expanded allele and one allele in the normal range. A very small residual risk remains that a partner testing negative on an expansion study could still have a point mutation.

Speciment Requirements:
Blood: 3 x 4.0mL whole blood into EDTA tubes . Invert several times to mix. Forward within 24-48 hours at ambient temperature.

Paediatric Samples: Minimum of 0.5mL whole blood in EDTA tubes.

Prenatal Samples:
  • Chorionic Villus: Obtain 20mg chorionic villus sample (CVS) and transfer to a vial containing transport medium.
  • Amniotic Fluid: A minimum of 20mL amniotic fluid required. Bloody specimens may reflect extensive contamination with maternal cells. Such a specimen may not be suitable for testing.
NOTE:

  • Maternal cell contamination is a potential problem when analysing DNA from CVS samples or cultured amniotic cells. To rule out the presence of maternal cell contamination a peripheral blood specimen in EDTA from the mother must be sent with the prenatal sample (minimum 3ml whole blood in EDTA required).
Tissue:
200 mg of tissue. Specimen must be snap frozen within one hour of collection. Send specimen frozen on dry ice.

Paraffin blocks of tissue are also acceptable. The tissue sample should not have had prolonged immersion in formalin before embedding.

NOTE:
  • Referral reason plus adequate information and family history must be submitted with the specimen. Pedigree must be included where appropriate.
Usual test turnaround time:
6 weeks once sample is received.

Cost of test:
FA - $928 Note: Prices excludes GST (12.5%) and may change without notice.


Please click on a link below to view information about another specific test.

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